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Russian Nuclear Weapons and the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Speculations of potential nuclear warfare put global citizens at unrest and Russia's announcement of tactical nuclear sharing reminded the international world of destructive prospects anticipated in 2022. On March 25 2023, President Vladimir Putin publicly declared his intention to store Russian tactical nuclear weaponry in neighboring country and longtime ally, Belarus. Bilateral relations of Belarus and Russia have recently driven Belarusian support for the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Putin’s decision, announced late March, in no way, lessened nuclear tensions between the West and Russia. Though, the United States and Russia—once engaged in neutrality—signed the United Nations’ Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), international attention gathered once more following Russia’s announcement, drawing a question of whether or not weapon storage in Belarusian territory violates the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Both Belarus and Russia answered that it does not, citing the United States’ own power sharing agreement among North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries.

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Monkey-ing Around: How One Monkey Shaped Copyright Law for Artificial Intelligence

“Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transcended its traditional role as a mere problem-solving tool, as it now produces stunning artworks, insightful essays, and soul-stirring music that rival those created by human beings.” The previous sentence was generated by an artificial intelligence bot, ChatGPT. Artificial intelligence has been top of mind since the rise of AI bots like ChatGPT. It has previously been used to screen job applications and make video recommendations on sites like YouTube, but now, AI can generate essays, art, music, and more with a simple prompt, bringing up questions over ownership rights. What is the legal future of AI? Can AI have intellectual property rights over the art it creates? Can humans who use AI as a tool have copyright over the art they used AI to create?

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Bankruptcy Uncoded: The Biden Administration's New Changes

Student loans are a staple of higher education in this era. 43.5 million borrowers alone have federal student loan debt. The amount of student loan debt in 2022 was $1,757,200,000,000, and the average amount of student loan debt is $37,574 per student borrower. Furthermore, the average public university student will take out a whopping $31,410 to obtain their bachelor's degree. All of these numbers reveal the massive amount of debt that students in the United States incur to attend school. Many of them will not go into million-dollar careers, leaving them to spend their adult lives paying off student loans. Given the enormity of this issue, borrowers push for federal student loan forgiveness programs—but most of the laws do not come off the ground…

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Telling the Whole Truth and Nothing but the Truth about Courtroom Intimidation

In United States v. Edgar Ray Killen (2007), Edgar Killen, a former Ku Klux Klan leader, was charged with the murder of three civil rights workers in Mississippi in 1964. One of the witnesses in the case, Louis Allen, was brutally murdered before he could testify in trial. Killen was eventually convicted of three counts of manslaughter in 2005. In Justice Dickinson’s opinion, he wrote, “The Klan's official policy, which was openly discussed at Klan meetings, was to use whatever force necessary — including harassment, intimidation, physical abuse, and even murder — to maintain racial and social segregation in Mississippi.” This case is a tragic example of the lengths some individuals or groups are willing to go to in order to silence witnesses and maintain their power and control. Cases such as United States v. Edgar Ray Killen (2007) serve as a reminder of the challenges and risks involved in seeking justice. This case is crucial to the government because it highlighted the very serious consequences of witness intimidation. It also demonstrated the government's commitment to pursuing and prosecuting organized crime and set a precedent for the government's handling of similar cases…

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Is Discrimination Generally Applicable? 

One of the most popular amendments in the U.S. Constitution is the First Amendment. The high recognition of this amendment comes from the many claims of authority figures and governing bodies violating people's First Amendment rights, some more often than others. One of the provisions within the First Amendment is the Free Exercise Clause. This clause states that the practice and expression of opinion related to religion are protected under the First Amendment. It “protects citizens' right to practice their religion as they please, so long as the practice does not run afoul of "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest”— two vague standards. Moreover, not only does this amendment protect the freedom to practice religion and express an opinion, but it also allows the exemption from some generally applicable laws, as long as the violation is for religious reasons…

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Crypto Catastrophe: After Exchange Giant FTX’s Collapse, What Comes Next?

During Super Bowl 56, a commercial aired showing comedian Larry David traveling through time while criticizing inventions that would become successful—such as the wheel and the light bulb. The commercial ended in the present day with David responding, “eh, I don’t think so,” to the suggestion that one cryptocurrency exchange company, Futures Exchange (FTX), was a safe and easy way to get into cryptocurrency. Ironically, David’s prediction proved to be correct. FTX, one of the leading cryptocurrency exchanges, filed for bankruptcy in November 2022, a stunning downfall of what was once a shining star in the industry. A month later, its founder and CEO, Sam Bankman-Fried, was arrested under several fraud charges. Bankman-Fried is currently awaiting trial, and deliberation is underway in bankruptcy court to attempt to recover lost assets. Additionally, government agencies are debating the future of cryptocurrency regulation. The legal outcomes of FTX’s collapse may dictate the livelihood of many impacted customers, as well as the future of financial laws in the United States…

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Yeezy & Adidas: The Intersection of Intellectual Property, Licensing, and Contracts

Louboutin’s red bottoms, the Coca Cola recipe, Tiffany blue – these are all examples of intellectual property. Intellectual property (IP) refers to works that are created by an individual or group’s original ideas – their intellect. Intellectual property law governs the author’s ability to exercise special rights over these works. Despite many peoples’ lack of knowledge or notice of it, intellectual property has infiltrated almost every aspect of human life. Every time one sees an advertisement, buys or consumes a product, reads a book, listens to a song, or watches a movie, they are actively interacting with a form of intellectual property. Celebrities and public figures in particular are, in many ways, dependent on the benefits that intellectual property rights can generate. Following his extremely controversial public statements, rapper-turned-businessman Kanye West admitted to losing $2 billion worth of brand deals and business relationships in one day due to public outrage. Most notably, Adidas – the manufacturer and distributor of West’s “Yeezy” products – has publicly severed ties with him and is attempting…

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Hiding in the Shadows: The Truth Behind the Supreme Court’s Shadow Docket

One of the Supreme Court’s more bizarre cases occurred in 1970, when two lawyers hiked six miles into the woods to request that Justice William O. Douglas prevent Portland, Oregon police officers from using violent tactics to stop protests. In the woods, Justice Douglas held an impromptu oral argument and then left his decision on a tree stump: application denied. This case illustrates how the Supreme Court has relied on emergency applications and summary decisions to produce rulings in time-sensitive situations. Since 2017, however, there has been a significant increase in the number of cases decided through this emergency docket – generating speculation on whether or not its implementation is appropriate. The “shadow docket” was a term coined by University of Chicago law professor William Baude, as he explained that “outside of the merits cases, the Court issued a number of noteworthy rulings which merit more scrutiny than they have gotten. In important cases, it granted stays and injunctions that were both debatable and mysterious. The Court has not explained their legal basis and it is not even clear to what extent individual Justices agree with those decisions…

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The Gray Area in Nevada’s Green: How Nevada is Struggling to Navigate Marijuana

In 2012, Colorado and Washington became the first two states in the nation to officially legalize the recreational use of marijuana. Following suit in 2016, Nevada passed Ballot Question #2, named the “Nevada Marijuana Legalization Initiative”, which legalized the recreational use of one ounce or less of marijuana by individuals 21 and over. Since then, Las Vegas has become a hub for recreational marijuana use, incredibly expanding access to tourists—and more importantly—to everyday Nevadans. Four years after Ballot Question #2 was passed, however, a situation arose which raised questions about marijuana’s recreational use in regards to maintaining employment. In 2020, Danny Ceballos, a table game dealer at the Palace Station Resort and Casino, slipped and fell in the employee break room. This prompted his manager to have him submit a drug test and, after Ceballos tested positive for marijuana, Palace Station terminated his employment…

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